Roger Donlon – Medal of Honor – Vietnam War – 6 July 1964

Summary of Action:
In the predawn hours of July 6, 1964, deep in the jungle-covered highlands of South Vietnam, Captain Roger Donlon led the defense of a remote outpost at Nam Dong against a determined Viet Cong battalion. As commanding officer of U.S. Army Special Forces Detachment A-726, Donlon found himself and his multinational force—comprised of American, Vietnamese, and other allied troops—surrounded and under siege. The enemy initiated the assault with a fierce mortar barrage and waves of infantry attacks, attempting to breach the camp perimeter and overrun the defenders.

Despite receiving a severe stomach wound early in the battle, Donlon refused to be evacuated. He personally repelled a demolition team at the main gate, moved through withering enemy fire to man and relocate mortars, and administered life-saving aid to wounded comrades. Wounded again by mortar and grenade blasts, he crawled from position to position—dragging ammunition, rallying demoralized troops, and reinforcing critical sectors of the perimeter. At one point, while dragging a wounded teammate from a gun pit, a mortar round landed just feet away, tearing into his shoulder. Still, he fought on. Under his leadership, the defenders held fast through a grueling five-hour engagement that left 54 enemy dead inside the wire and countless more wounded or retreating into the jungle.

Captain Donlon’s defiance and leadership marked the first time an American received the Medal of Honor during the Vietnam War—and the first ever awarded to a Green Beret. His gallantry not only saved the outpost but became a defining symbol of Special Forces valor in the early years of America’s longest war.

Medal of Honor Citation:
For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty while defending a U.S. military installation against a fierce attack by hostile forces. Capt. Donlon was serving as the commanding officer of the U.S. Army Special Forces Detachment A-726 at Camp Nam Dong when a reinforced Viet Cong battalion suddenly launched a full-scale, predawn attack on the camp. During the violent battle that ensued, lasting 5 hours and resulting in heavy casualties on both sides, Capt. Donlon directed the defense operations in the midst of an enemy barrage of mortar shells, falling grenades, and extremely heavy gunfire. Upon the initial onslaught, he swiftly marshaled his forces and ordered the removal of the needed ammunition from a blazing building. He then dashed through a hail of small arms and exploding hand grenades to abort a breach of the main gate. En route to this position he detected an enemy demolition team of 3 in the proximity of the main gate and quickly annihilated them. Although exposed to the intense grenade attack, he then succeeded in reaching a 60mm mortar position despite sustaining a severe stomach wound as he was within 5 yards of the gun pit. When he discovered that most of the men in this gunpit were also wounded, he completely disregarded his own injury, directed their withdrawal to a location 30 meters away, and again risked his life by remaining behind and covering the movement with the utmost effectiveness. Noticing that his team sergeant was unable to evacuate the gun pit he crawled toward him and, while dragging the fallen soldier out of the gunpit, an enemy mortar exploded and inflicted a wound in Capt. Donlon’s left shoulder. Although suffering from multiple wounds, he carried the abandoned 60mm mortar weapon to a new location 30 meters away where he found 3 wounded defenders. After administering first aid and encouragement to these men, he left the weapon with them, headed toward another position, and retrieved a 57mm recoilless rifle. Then with great courage and coolness under fire, he returned to the abandoned gun pit, evacuated ammunition for the 2 weapons, and while crawling and dragging the urgently needed ammunition, received a third wound on his leg by an enemy hand grenade. Despite his critical physical condition, he again crawled 175 meters to an 81mm mortar position and directed firing operations which protected the seriously threatened east sector of the camp. He then moved to an eastern 60mm mortar position and upon determining that the vicious enemy assault had weakened, crawled back to the gun pit with the 60mm mortar, set it up for defensive operations, and turned it over to 2 defenders with minor wounds. Without hesitation, he left this sheltered position, and moved from position to position around the beleaguered perimeter while hurling hand grenades at the enemy and inspiring his men to superhuman effort. As he bravely continued to move around the perimeter, a mortar shell exploded, wounding him in the face and body. As the long awaited daylight brought defeat to the enemy forces and their retreat back to the jungle leaving behind 54 of their dead, many weapons, and grenades, Capt. Donlon immediately reorganized his defenses and administered first aid to the wounded. His dynamic leadership, fortitude, and valiant efforts inspired not only the American personnel but the friendly Vietnamese defenders as well and resulted in the successful defense of the camp. Capt. Donlon’s extraordinary heroism, at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty are in the highest traditions of the U.S. Army and reflect great credit upon himself and the Armed Forces of his country.